Association between Upper Dental Arch Dimensions and Facial Type in Adult with Class I Normal Occlusion

Abstract

Harmonious facial esthetics and optimal functional occlusion have long been recognized as the two most important goals of orthodontic treatment. (Bishara 2001, Gallão et al 2013) The standard or orthognathic face, exhibits a harmonious relationship between the following parts (Graber and Vanarsdall, 2000):  The facial structure and the cranium.  The mandible and the maxilla.  The maxilla and the maxillary dentition.  The mandible and the mandibular dentition.  The maxillary and mandibular dentition.  The soft tissue profile and the underlying hard tissue structure