The Shallow Engineering Investigations Using GPR Technique in Fallujah City, Central Iraq

Abstract

The shallow engineering investigations in Fallujah city in the Anbar Governorate were applied to the GPR technique. Fieldwork, including twelve profles, has been investigated. Depending on the type of antenna 250 and 500 Hz, the penetration depth ranges from 3 to 6 m. Some anomalies at different depths (1, 3, and 6 m) reflect weak zones. Another anomaly extend from the ground surface and continues to depth of 6 m. This was observed on the surface of the earth represented by fractures and cracks as a result of the arrival of groundwater to the surface. Due to the many construction phases in the city that occur in different years and may reach a depth of approximately 6 meters, in addition to the burial phases that occur at regular intervals to treat groundwater leaching lead to clear collapse areas that serve as a reference for the weak zones.