Relational Modelling of the Earth's Surface Topography Impact on Vegetation Density Using RS and GIS: Rawnduz as a Model

Abstract

Through the analysis of the digital elevation model (DEM) of the search area, it was found that the search area is located within a mountainous region with a complex twisting, as the surface has been classified into five regions of elevations, among which the first region represents the lowest elevation lands, and extends an area of 118.7 km2 It equates to (22.6%) of the total area, while the largest region is the second region, occupying an area of (187.9) km2 , 36% of the total area of the region, while the regression categories were divided into five levels depending on the classification of (Zink) It turns out that the Fifth Region is the most complex of the regions, and it includes the summit of Mount Hendrin, the summit of Mount Karukh. As for the characteristics of the direction of the slopes, nine slope directions of varying areas were found. As for the density of vegetation coverage according to (NDVI), we find that the NDVI index in the research area is divided into three levels of plant density, as the second level, i.e. average density, recorded the largest area at about (344.8) km2 , equivalent to (66.1%) of the area the college. Which is characterized by the topological complexity of the surface, which makes it the most suitable areas for pastoral activity, while the higher density in relation to vegetation coverage was more widespread in the first and second steep categories by about (2.5, 9.8) km2 , i.e. (21.6%, 24.3%) of the total area.