Acute toxicity study of alcoholic leaf extract of Eruca sativa in albino rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Abstract

Eruca sativa (Es) belongs to the family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) commonly known as jarjeer have been used in traditional medicine for treatment of different diseases. The present study was performed to evaluate the acute toxicity of Eruca sativa ethanolic leaves extract (ESELE) in rats. For acute toxicity test, fifteen rats have been used and they were divided into three groups with five rats for each group, low dose of ESELE (2g/kg), high dose of ESELE (5 g/kg) and normal group. After 14 days all the animals were sacrificed by intraperitonial injection with ketamine (100 mg/ml) and xylazine (100mg/ml) in a ratio 4:1 (v/v). The blood was collected for some liver function test such as [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total serum bilirubin (TSB)] and kidney function test such as (urea and creatinine). Then liver and kidney were fixed in formalin 10% for histopathological examination. Acute toxicity study with a higher dose of 5 g/kg did not manifest any toxicological signs in rats. There is no significant (P≤0.05) difference between rats was given ESELE in all tested parameters levels as compared to their respective vehicle group. Histopathological examination of the organs did not reveal any abnormalities in all groups treated comparing with vehicle group. In conclusions, the present finding suggests that ESELE did not manifest any significant toxicity at any of the biochemical and histological examined parameters.