Molecular identification of isolates of Ustilago maydis (Dc.) Corda the causal common smut in maize

Abstract

Abstract. Aim of study was to isolate and identify U. maydis races that cause common smut disease using molecular methods. In addition to detect phylogenetic relation among isolates of local races and global races using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) through phylogenetic tree using Internal Transcribed Spacer(ITS). DNA was extracted from 50 isolates of U.maydis and detected 34 bands from the isolates using gel electrophoresis including (8 Baghdad, 5 Babylon , 14 Waset and 7 Erbil ) .Results revealed that detection of isolates was on ITS region and DNA diagnostic was detected at 650 base pair( bp) of all the isolates using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. Also the study included determination of sequencing the nitrogen bases for the isolates. Results indicated that Baghdad isolates of (Um 21,Um 22, Um23 , Um24, Um25, Um26, Um27, Um28) have relative relation with global race of FBI.. While Babylon isolates ( Um 5, Um 6, Um7, Um8, Um 10) were had close relation with race 521. And isolates of Waset showed a variation in relationship of a number of global races, Isolate Um41 was closely related to 521, and isolates Um32, Um47, Um48 were closely to the race XA0609, and isolates Um30, Um33, Um36, Um37, Um38, Um43, Um44, Um46, Um49 they are relevant to the races CPO10.020a. However, isolates of Erbil ( Um11, Um 12, Um 14, Um15, Um 16 , Um 17, Um19) were in relation with race FB1. Results of genetic origin demonstrated that of Baghdad ,Babylon ,Waset and Erbil have close relation with global FB1, 521 , CPO10.020a , XA0609 which has a1b1 genotype). 1. Introducti