Appropriate Evaluation of Soils Delta of Wadi Horan within Province of Upper Euphrates for Some Technologies of Irrigation Systems

Abstract

A survey was conducted, and the semi-detailed study area soils were surveyed using the free-lance survey method by selecting four represented pedon and twenty perforated pits. The results showed the presence of four types of soils, the depths of the soil ranged between 30 to> 200 cm within the sediments of the wadi bottom, and they contain calcium carbonate between (11.6-23%) and gypsum (1.3-51.7%) and soil salinity between (2.3-3.9 dS m ), classes of drainage between well within the highlands and degree of class imperfect in soils of the flood plain, -1 and purpose maps were created for the soil units and demarcated to the appropriate types and according to the irrigation method. The suitable classes of irrigation methods exist which include drip irrigation method for flood plain soils for the (S2S) and (S3ts), respectively, and in percentage of the total area of ​​the study area (8.3), (4.2), and (13.7)%, respectively. The results of the susceptibility of the land to its suitability for drip irrigation in the plateau soil unit within the soil family (coarse loamy, mixed (gypsic), hyperthermic, haplogypsid) showed that these are not suitable for the drip irrigation method due to severe limitations, most notably the state of the physical root zone condition and topography. The grades of the wadi bottom sediment unit and the river terrace units were graded, and distributed in the proportions of 52.2 and 42.3% of the study area. The study recommended applying the use of drip irrigation method as preferred instead of the surface irrigation method depending on the characteristics of the soil as well as the rationalization of water consumption.