Determination Antimicrobial Activity Of Leaves Extracted By Various Solvents From (Elephantopus Scaber L.)

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used traditionally in the treatment of various kinds of diseases since time immemorial. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of leaves from Elephantopus scaber by using different solvents (ethyl alcohol, acetone and aqueous). The ethyl alcohol, acetone and aqueous extracts of leaves were subjected to phytochemical analyses, which revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, coumarins, quinones and glycosides in most of the selected of leaves useing different solvents. Ethyl alcohol ,acetone and aqueous extracts of leaves were investigated for in vitro antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida Albican by well diffusion method by using a different concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80, 100)mg/ml. Ethyl alcohol and acetone extract of leaves showed promising antimicrobial activity against all test organisms. Ethyl alcohol of leaves has the best activity against all test organisms. Found a high effective for ethyl alcohol extract of leaves compared with the other parameters, also it was recorded a high increase for ethyl alcohol of leaves compared with the acetone extract of leaves for a concentrations of (100, 20)mg/ml. The aqueous extract of the leaves has a weak activity against all test organisms and did not inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneumonia for a concentrations of (100)mg/ml but at a concentrations of (20)mg/ml did not inhibit the growth of all test organisms. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of leaves extracts by using different solvent were also determined against different test organisms. The MIC value of leaves extract ranged from 100 mg/ml to 500 mg/ml. The ethyl alcohol, acetone and aqueous extract of leaves were selected for possible antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity was studied against six microorganisms namely Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida Albican