Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of Rumex Vesicarius Extracts

Abstract

Background: Rumex vesicarius L. (Polygonaceae), an edible plant, is documented to have many bioactive phytochemicals. In spite of it fully -known antioxidant efficacy of crude extract Rumex vesicarius but still has the cytotoxicity. Methodology: Methanolic extraction was prepared from leaves of Rumex vesicarius and was checked by GC/MS. Two parts of assay were classified as : First, evaluation antioxidant potency using DPPH free radicals, while the two assay of MTT was utilized to determine anti-cancer effect on two different cell lines (MCF-7 and WRL68) for different concentrations (400μg/ml, 200μg/ml, 100μg/ml, 50μg/ml and 25μg/ ml and 6.2 µg/mL) and identified the efficacy of the crude extract on MCF-7 cell morphology, response to stress, potential of mitochondria and viability were evaluated with High Content Scanning and MTT. Results: GC/MS analysis showed the methanol extract of Rumex Vesicarius L. had the highest percentage of L- Pidolic Acid (35.98%), vitamin E (12.05%). R. Vesicarius showed antioxidant activity which increased when increasing of concentration, R. Vesicarius effect ranged from (75.935,9.96%). The results showed Rumex vesicarius ability to inhibit cellular growth of both cell lines (WRL68 and MCF-7). This inhibition increases with increasing concentration. The best inhibition of growth was at 400μg/ml of Methanol extract. The MCF-7 cell line was more effective than the WRL68 cell line, High Content Screening (HCS) assay of 200μg/ml, 100μg/ml, 50μg/ml, 25μg/ml and 12.5μg/ml of methanol extract of R. Vesicarius showed toxic effects toward MCF-7 cell line after 24 hours of treatment in a dose-dependent manner with a reduction in the number of total cell count, reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), an increase in the nuclear intensity, increase in the membrane potential and increase in cytochrome C. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Rumex vesicarius contains many bioactive phytochemicals and appear to have cytotoxic and antioxidant activity against MCF-7 & WRL68 Cell line