Prevalence of Biofilm Genotype Pattern( algD −/pslD −/pelF –) with Multidrug-Resistant in Clinical Local Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates

Abstract

The study was designed to explore the distribution and association of the biofilm genotype pattern( algD −/pslD −/pelF –) with multidrug-resistant in clinical local Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. A total of one hundred isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were included in this study, which has been collected from different specimens, from July to September 2020. The isolates included were 34 from burns, 19 from wounds, 23 from ear infections, 22 from urinary tract infections (UTI), and 2 from cystic fibrosis (CF). Identification of the isolates was carried out using microscopical, cultural characterization on MacConkey agar, Cetrimide agar, then Pseudomonas agar. Biochemical tests were performed, and further identification was carried out by the VITEK_2_compact system. Genotypic identification has been completed by16SrRNA. To assess the frequency of multidrug-resistant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR), the antibiotic susceptibility test was done. It was carried out by using different groups of antibiotics (10 antibiotics) using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. The results showed that the resistance were Ceftazidime(62%),Gentamicin(26%,(Piperacillin-tazobactam(25%), Ticarcillin(24%), Meropenem(20%), Cefepime (18%),Amikacin(17%) Levofloxacin(16%), Colistin(15%) Imipenem(10%). Biofilm production was assessed using a microplate examination method. The results showed that 93% of isolates were positive for biofilm production, while (7%) were non-biofilm producers. There were differences in the rates of biofilm-production distributed into 21 (21%) were strong biofilm producer (OD was more than 2.156), 25 (25%) intermediate biofilm producer, and 47 (47%) were weak biofilm producer (OD was less than 1.078), and the non -biofilm producer was 7(7%). Three virulence factors genes ( algD, pslD, and pelf ) were chosen, which responsible for the phenotypic pattern of biofilm formation and identified as genotypic algD −/pslD −/pelF – pattern. The differences in genotypic pattern prevalence among the MDR-positive isolates of different origins were statistically significant. Chi-square analysis showed a highly significant association between strong biofilm capacity and genotype pattern (p<0.0001), also the analysis showed a highly significant association between moderate biofilm capacity and genotype pattern (p<0.002). Chi-square analysis showed a highly significant association between weak biofilm capacity and genotype pattern ( p<0.001). In the current study the percentage of resistance among P. aeruginosa local isolates for multiple antibiotics (MDR) was relatively low, maybe due to the combination strategies based on appropriate anti-pseudoantibiotic agents that may be used to improve treatment from the related infections, according to these results, P. aeruginosa local isolates that produced biofilm were mostly (70%) indicated as non-MDR.