ENHANCING AODV ROUTING PROTOCOL BASED ON DIRECTION AND VELOCITY FOR REAL-TIME URBAN SCENARIO

Abstract

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) considers as a promising technology to support the communication between vehicles, and between vehicles and road side units. A reliable routing algorithm for such networks is challenging task because of high mobility and periodic changes of the network topology. To improve the performance of ad-hoc on demand vector (AODV) protocol in VANET, the routing overheads should be reduced by reducing the transferred control packets that consumes portions from the available bandwidth. In urban environments, the network topology plays an essential role in traffic optimization in terms of mobility patterns, and also in the connectivity and available infrastructure. Further, the road intersections come with many configurations and their definition significantly affects mobility and connectivity. However, the increased number of nodes and movements in such environments will add additional routing overheads to the current overheads in AODV protocol. In this paper, URBAN-AODV (U-AODV) routing protocol is proposed for use in real map topology VANET for urban conditions as in USA, Chicago city. In proposed U-AODV protocol, new fields based on velocity and direction of vehicles are added in request packet and routing table to decrease the transferred control packets. The performance of the proposed protocol is studied and compared with the original AODV using different metrics and statistical tools in real-time world urban VANET control vehicles mobility in two lines and urban intersections. Results demonstrate that U-AODV has dissimilar values in overhead ratio in both density and vehicles velocity, while in end to end (E2E) delay metrics the U-AODV was faster than original AODV and cause low ratio in delay in both different vehicle density and velocity.