علاقة الموقع الفيزوغرافي في مدى ملائمة الارض لزراعة الشعير في بعض المشاريع الزراعية ضمن السهل الرسوبي العراقي

Abstract

The objective of the study was identification the effect of the physiographic position on how suitable the land is for barley cultivation within Mesopotamian, three Agricultural projects were selected and they are 7 Nessin, North kut and Al-Majar Al-Kabeer within Baghdad, Kut and Messin Provinces respectively, with consideration In the selection, the situation of all projects within Tigris river sediments ecology. Morphological and some soil physical and chemical properties for represented pedons of every secondary physiographic unit within the projects above were studied. The land agro-ecological characteristics which directly affect the land suitability for Barley cultivation were circumscribed, which included Eco-climatological characteristics, the evaluation of these characteristics was carried out by interconnection between parametric method and limitation method which was suggested by Sys et al (1993), according to the results the lands were classified according to their suitability for barely cultivation. Results showed that the moderately suitable soils (S2) constitute 55.43% of the total area for three projects, with growth limitation 1.9% fertility which was recorded at 7 Nessin project, while the physical factor resulted from the presence of Calcium carbonates was the main limit for the suitability of the studied regions for barley cultivation with the water logged which appeared as a result of the poor drainage in Al-Majar Al-Kabeer project. The Marginally suitable lands (S3) recorded a percentage of 10.23%, and presented in North Kut project. The limitation factor for this unit was the chemical conditions resulted of its higher salinity content. While the Unsuitable class (N1) recorded a percentage of 25.36% which was presented at Al-Majer Al-Kabeer project. While the unsuitable class (N2) recorded 8.48% and was presented at the North Kut project. The two physiographic units, rivers levee and irrigation levee were within the moderately suitable class, whereas the depression unit showed degradation in its class from S2 at 7 Nessin project to S3 at North Kut project, converted to N1 at Al-Majar Al-Kabeer project, the same degradation formula was seen in the silted hour unit which was converted from N1 class at North Kut project to N2 class at Al-Majar Al-Kabeer project.