Antibacterial Activity of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Pulsed Laser Ablation AgainstPathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcer causing bacteria are one of the most important pathogens and considered a serious threat to public health in recent years. The purpose of the study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation (Fe2O3NPs) against some pathogenic bacteria isolated from diabetic patients with recurrent diabetic foot in Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Iraq. Fifty clinical specimens were collected from each diabetic foot ulcer using sterile swabs and cultured on different culture media. The isolated bacteria were identified based on their cultural and microscopic characteristics, and biochemical tests. Moreover, diagnosis was confirmed using Vitek2 system.Fe2O3NP was prepared using pulsed laser ablation. A Nd:YAG (New Wave Research, 1845L) aluminum yttrium garnet laser (New Wave Research, 1845L) focuses on aniron plate surface with a wavelength of 532 nm, energy of 100 mJ, and a laser stroke of 500, 1000, and 1500. The modulated frequency is 6 Hz. As for the distance between the laser device and the iron target surface, 12 cm. During the imaging process, the glass beaker containing the iron plate is periodically transferred to obtain homogeneous colloidal Fe2O3NPs. Characterization of the biocompatible Fe2O3NPs was performed using scanning field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), UV visible and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. (XRD). The efficacy of the prepared Fe2O3NPs against isolated bacteria was examined using the disc diffusion method.Fifty-two bacterial isolates were obtained. All the prepared iron oxide nanoparticles were found to have antibacterial activities. Fe2O3NPs ata laser stroke of 500 were found to have higher antibacterialactivitiesin comparison to the other prepared nanoparticles.Thediametersof the inhibition zone were (25.3±0.6,24.3±0.6,23.8±0.3,18.7±0.6,18.5±0.5,17.5±0.9,16.0±0.9,15.8±0.8,15.7±0.6,15.2±0.3,15.2±0.3,10.3±0.6) mm for nanoparticles (500 laser stroke) againstProteus vulgaris, Proteus penneri, Sphingomonaspaucimobilis, Kocuriakristinae, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus hominis, Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Aeromonashydrophila, respectively. In conclusion, the results obtained clearly supported that Fe2O3NPs might have potential as antibacterial.