تأثير مستويات الاستنفاذ الرطوبي في بعض الصفات الفيزيائية للتربة ونمو وحاصل الطماطة في تربة محروثة وغير محروثة

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of moisture depletion levels on some soil physical properties, growth and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) yield on tillage and non-tillage soil with loamy soil texture in Al-Saqlawia origin during summer season/2013. The study includes two factors; the first, three levels of moisture depletion (D); 25% (D25), 50% (D50) and 75% (D75). Second factor (S) two levels: non- tillage (To) and tillage (Ts). The study has been carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications. The experiment land was irrigated with surface drip irrigation system, emitter discharge rate was 4 L.hr-1 . The irrigation at growth season was scheduled depending on losses from the American Evaporation Pan. The bulk density, hydraulic conductivity and mean weight diameter also growth properties and yield of tomato were measured at the end of growth season. The results showed that: By decreasing moisture depletion and depending zero tillage, some of studied soil physical properties was obtained positive development, but negative effect has been obtained at high depletion percentage depending conventional tillage. The percentage of bulk density decreased from 4.44% to 2.90%, while percentage of hydraulic conductivity increased from 16.88% to 18.51%, also the values of mean weight diameter from 28.00% to 32.35% by lowering percentage of moisture from 75% to 25% depending on zero and conventional tillage, respectively. Whereas percentage of root length, plant height and yield of tomato were decreased from 15.45%, 15.10%; 7.97%, 4.68%; 18.50%, 4.20% by lowering percentage of moisture depletion from 75% to 25% at depending zero and conventional tillage respectively.