الرمز والرمزية في تصميم الحدائق الاسلامية (جامع ام القرى انموذجا )

Abstract

Islamic gardens are an integral part of the urban fabric in Islamic societies, where it accompanied by all its details the requirements of its users and there need for privacy and it has many of symbolic meanings, so these gardens have a great role in the daily life of these communities and a source of inspiration for different artists. The designer of the Islamic gardens has created the realization of the symbolism that draws closer to the human spirit and its sensitivity and the promotion of cultural and civilizational aspects. Previous studies have advanced the study of symbolism in various arts, but the study of symbolism in the designs of Islamic gardens has not been done adequately, which is considered the main research problem. The hypothesis of the research was represented by: "Symbolism plays a essential role in the designs of Islamic gardens in general and the gardens of the mosques in particular." The aim of the research is to harness the symbolism according to the foundations and standards of designing the landscape of Islamic gardens in the design of contemporary mosques by designers. In order to achieve these aims, two basic aspects have been adopted in the composition of research: theoretical aspect and practical aspect. The first aspect included a definition of symbolism and its use in Islamic gardens. The second aspect included an analysis of the state of the gardens and landscape in Umm Al-Qura Mosque, based on the main indicators identified by the theoretical study using several methods of collecting and exploring information through personal interviews with participants, observations and questionnaire. Delphi methods was used to obtain results and conclusions as well as to evaluate the design proposals. The research reached to several conclusions, the most important of these was the need to depend on the symbolism in the designs of Islamic gardens. The research also reached to create, three design proposals for the elected garden. Through the analysis of the results and conclusions, the research enables the presentation of a set of proposals and recommendations that can be depend upon in the future designs of gardens and landscape of the buildings of the mosques in order to achieve its objectives in symbolism.