GENOTYPES BY YEARS DATA ANALYSIS OF IRAQI DATE PALM USING GGE BIPLOT

Abstract

Plant breeders select and recommend high yielding and stable genotypes over multi environments as multiple environment trials (MET) are commonly applied by. Genotype-by-environment interactions are often resulted from the analysis of MET data which often results in difficulties in the interpretation of results and lower efficiency for choosing the best genotypes. These difficulties could be solved via recent technique as GGE biplot analysis in MET data analysis. The objective of this study was to determine, evaluate and describe genotype performance across environments. Seven (7) date palm genotypes such as zahdi, khistawi, khadrawi, sayer, hillawi, deary and oeth were evaluated across four (4) successive years in Iraq.GGE Biplot analysis showed that zahdi (stable) followed by khistawi were the best cultivars over years using scaling 1 and centering 2 when subjected the yield per tree to these techniques of GGE Biplot which sum of PC1 and PC2 interpreted 99.4% of variation. But when used yield per hectare, the best cultivar was zahdi followed by oeth. It could be concluded that GGE Biplot effectively extracted the variation among cultivars across years. Thus, it could be recommended that zahdi could be economically used to rely yield on because its yield was stable and high over years.