تاثير الكثافات النباتية ومواعيد اضافة السماد البوتاسي في نمو وحاصل صنفين من فول الصويا

Abstract

A field study was conducted during Summer season of 2008 .In Al – Naamea Region- Falluja City to know the effect of three plant densities(140000 , 100000 and 72000) plant / ha , three potassium fertilizer additions date : First addition date ( at the planting ), second ( at the planting and flowering stage ) and third ( at the planting , flowering and pods stage )on the growth and yield of two soybean cultivars ( J.35 and J. 111) . A split – split plot arrangement in randomaized complete block design ( R.C.B.D.) with three replicates. The Result of study showed following : - The two soybean cultivars showed a different significant in number of days from planting to maturity, the cultivar J.35 take a lower time (111.5 day) , and also gave a highest 100 seeds weight (15 g.) and oil percentage in seeds (21.6 %). While the cultivar J.111 gave a highest rate in number of seeds / pod (2.3seed) . But there was no significant effect on other traits . Plant density showed a significant effects for all traits except the number of days from planting to maturity and100 seeds weight.The high plant density(140 000 plant/ ha) gave a highest rate in : seeds yield ( 2.97 t / ha ), number of pods / plant (169.0 pod) , number of seeds / pod (2.4 seed) , plant height(94.4 cm), and oil Percentage in the seeds ( 21.7 %).While the low plant density (72 000 plant /ha )gave the lower rate of seeds yield ( 2.49 t/h)and heighest rate protein Percentage in the seeds ( 32.9 % ) . Potassium fertilizer addition date showed a significant effect in branches / plant, leaf area, number of pods / plant, 100 seeds weight, total of seeds yield and protein percentage in seeds. While there was no significant effect on plant height ,potassium percentage in the leaf, number of days from planting to maturity , number of seeds / pod and oil percentage in seeds .The first potassium fertilizer addition date gave the heighest seeds yield(3.00 t/h) and heighest pods/ plant ( 166.3 pod ). The interaction between cultivars and plant density was significant effect in plant height, leaf area, potassium percentage in the leaf and 100 seeds weight only.The cultivarJ.35whenever was planted in plant density(72000 plant/h) gave a highest rate for the last trait (15.5 g.) Regarding interaction between cultivars and potassium fertilizer addition date was significant effect in the number of branches / plant, potassium percentage in the leaf, number of days from planting to maturity and protein percentage in seeds .The cultivar J.35 write a lower number of days from planting to maturity(110.8 days) in the first potassium addition date , highest protein percentage in the seeds(33.4%) in the second potassium addition date and highest rate of branches/plant(6.4 branch) in the third potassium addition date . While this interaction not significant effect in the other traits . The interaction between plant density and potassium fertilizer addition date significant effect in the: leaf area, potassium percentage in the leaf , number of days from planting to maturity, number of pods / plant, 100 seeds weight and oil and protein Percentage in seeds. The high plant density (140000 plant/ h) write a highest oil percentage in the seeds(22.0 %) in first potassium addition date .While the low plant density (72000 plant /h) write a highest protein percentage in the seeds (34.2 %) in second potassium addition date .But this interaction was not significant in other traits . The triple interaction between cultivars , plant density and potassium fertilizer addition date was significant effect in the leaf area, potassium percentage in the leaf, 100 seeds weight and protein percentage in the seeds. The cultivar J.35 was planted in the plant density (100000 plant/ h ) with second potassium addition date , write a highest rate of 100 seeds weight (17.0 g.) and a highest rate of protein percentage in the seeds (34.3 %) . While there was no significant in the other traits .