دراسة تغايرات الترب وتحليل كفاءة خارطة المسح لمنطقة منتخبة من مشروع ايمن الفرات بمحافظة الانبار

Abstract

The main objective of survey is to partition landscape into uniform units or areas according to their properties, which differ as much as possible upon their uniformity. Achieving this concept is of a great importance in making decision of land use and management practices . The present study aimed to investigate soil formation processes of studied region as well as it’s classification ; also to know spatial variability in both horizontal and vertical direction among map units, and correlation between soil properties with depth ; to determine soil map quality and to evaluate success of survey using partitioning landscape and measuring purity of map as conventional method ( comparing soil classes in the map unit with the dominant taxonomic unit ) and proposed similarity method ( similarity of more than 80% between soil properties of specified location and dominant taxonomic uint are required for being in the map unit) A specified area of right – Euphrates project ( 27 Km south - east of Falluja) was chosen, because it contains many surface variability which indicate its landscape complexity. Area of 915 hectors (a path with 4575m long and 2100m wide ) perpendicular on Euphrates river was chosen as a studying region. 8 soil pedons representing dominant soil units map combined with 34 auger holes to cover the entire area have been used for morphological survey. Samples of soil were collected and analyzed for some chemical and physical properties. The main considered properties were value, chroma, sand (%) , clay (%), ECe (dS.m-1), ESP (%), CEC (cmol.Kg-1), in all pedons horizons, and O.M (%), and surface crack in the (A) horizon. Soil morphological and some measured properties was statistically analyzed using computer and SPSS system. Statistical analysis data showed: 1 – Two main soil orders was diagnosed as Aridisols and Entisols, which yielding ( 6 ) soil series. Processes of salinization, sedimentation were dominant. 2 - Salinity , and ESP showed higher positive correlation , which indicate the dominance of sodium ion in all mapping units and wide speared and distribution of salinity in all soils of studied area. 3 - Sand, ECe and ESP showed higher variability among mapping units, which were considered as severe variability for most horizons of mapping unit. The most variable mapping unit was A 1 – 2 (DM 95) and E 1 – 3 (DW 43) for all studied properties, while E 2-1 (MF 11) was uniform. 4 – It was noticed that partitioning landscape was beneficial for agricultural uses, specially, when salinity and ESP were discarded. The values of correlation coefficient among classes (ri) were a suitable for describing success of landscape partitioning. 5 - The purity of survey map was 69.6% for conventional method and 73.0% for similarity method, which indicate success of survey