Energy and Lifetime Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) face a number of technical problems such as energy consumption.To solve this problem, This thesis suggests using two modified routing protocols: PEG-DA and PEG-SSA to increase the lifetime of the network. PEG-DA refers to the Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems (PEGASIS) integrated with Dragonfly Algorithm (DA) that chooses the optimal chain to reach the base station which consequently reduce average energy consumption. The second one, PEG-SSA refers to PEGASIS integrated with Salp Swarm Algorthim (SSA) that also chooses the optimal chain to reach the base station which results in energy saving, too. To apply above mentioned protocols at the nodes distribution stage, The thesis adopts three methods: Random, Firefly Algorithm and Limited distribution considering that the base station is static to attain the optimal energy consumption efficiency. Next, the network area is divided in to five regions according to the method applied as stated in the thesis to mitigate the load of data transmission, thus , the communication cost from nodes to the base station is reduced. Different simulation scenarios are considered during the evaluation process of the performance. The performance of the proposed protocols is evaluated and compared with the original PEGASIS protocol. The results show that the first proposal (PEG-DA) is better than that of original PEGASIS by 78% in Random, 80% in Firefly and 91% in Limited distribution in terms of the lifetime of the network. The second one (PEG-SSA) increases the network lifetime by 80% in Random, 82% in Firefly and 92% in Limited distribution compared with original PEGASIS protocol