مقارنه اداء اسلوب الري بالتنقيط المتحرك والري السيحي المستمر في بعض المعايير المائيه و الخصائص الفيزيائيه للتربه وحاصل الحنطه Triticum aestivum L.

Abstract

field experiment was conducted in a silty loam soil at Anbar University, College of Agriculture, Ramadi during fall season 2013- 2014 to study the compared to the performance of mobile drip irrigation and continuous surface irrigation in some water standards and physical properties of the soil and holds wheat Triticum aestivum L. As well as, this study aimed to determine the water systemized for wheat based on the results of those parameters and the crop wheat in case of mobile drip irrigation. The preparations of soil from tillage, coordination, soften, etc. also have been done. The study included two main factors: mobile drip irrigation and continuous surface irrigation. The lay out of the study was according to RCBD with three replicates. Wheat cultivar grains were planted on (cv. Aba 99) were sown in 15/11/2013 for growth and production and the season has ended 29/4/2014. Been identified irrigation water depth according to the gravimetric method, and the date when it was irrigations drain 50% of the ready-water was according to evaporation information from evaporation pan (class A). The moisture distribution was studied for the treatments during three stages from plant growth (Beginning, middle and end of the growing season) and Distance and depth: 0.10 and 0.20 and 0.30 and 0.40 m for Menktat mobile drip irrigation system, and the same four depths in the beginning, middle and end of the board to bar the way continuous surface irrigation .The moisture curves were blotted by surfer software; some of the physical properties for the treatments, after the end of the season to see the effect transactions in which the study also found wheat crop coefficient values depending on the amount of irrigation water additives according to the gravimetric method, to the four stages of growth.

The most important results were summarised as the following: 1-The moisture content was increased at source of dripping and decreased away from the dripper horizontally and vertically after ending irrigation process in 24 hr , and decreased . .

2- mobile drip irrigation caused density values rate reduction as it reached to 1.38 in comparison with 1.44 Mgm.m-3 for Continuous 777 surface irrigation, and increase soil porosity to 0.45 in comparison with 0.42 for Continuous surface irrigation, and decrease hydro saturated conductivity to 8.8 cm.hr-1 for Continuous surface irrigation to 9.6 cm.hr-1 , and decrease average infiltration to 8.6 cm.hr-1 for Continuous surface irrigation to 9.4 cm.hr-1 , and increase irrigation efficiency to 61.53% for Continuous surface irrigation to 92.31% for mobile drip irrigation.

3- The Wheat crop coefficient for the gravimetric method to change the moisture content reached 0.43, 0.54, 0.81 and 0.49 for vegetative growth, branching stage, flowering stage and maturity stage respectively. 4- There were no significant differences between the calculated values of consumptive use according to the method Gravimetric and dusty according to the equation and Samhan, but they disagreed with what is morally Calculated in accordance with the adoption of pan crop coefficient obtained data Previously, these values evaporation and stood at 336.40 and 443.15 and 328.70 mm for Three calculation methods: gravimetric method, data pan evaporation, and the equation AL-gbare and Samhan, Respectively. 5.The value of water-use efficiency increased significantly when mobile drip irrigation follow Compared with continuous surface irrigation, it from 33.74 to 63.04 kgm.m-³ water. 6 –The mobile drip irrigation treatment was superior significant in wheat plant height as well as Number of grains in spike the highest average was 0. 93 m and 47 number of grains in spike respectively comparing to 0.68 m and 38 number of grains in spike in Continuous surface irrigation treatments.

7- It was significantly increased productivity in the treatment of mobile drip irrigation if reached 5.360 compared with 4.230 tonne. ha-¹ in continuous surface irrigation.