Effect of Levels of Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer , Foliar Application of Iron and Boron in Growth ,Yield and Quality of FenugreekUsama Husain MahdiUsama Husain Mahdi

Abstract

Two field experiments were carried out in a prinet field at Garma / Falluja /AL Anbar during two winter seasons of (2009 – 2010) and (2010- 2011), to study the effect of different levels from Phosphorus ,Potassium fertilizer and spraying Iron and Boron on growth ,Yield and Quality of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) . The first experiment included four levels of Phosphorus fertilizer (0, 30 , 60 and 90)kg P.ha-1 with four concentration of Iron (0,60,120and 180 ) mg Fe. L-1 ,While the second experiment included four levels of Potassium fertilizer (0,50,100,and 150)kg K . ha-1 with four concentrations of Boron (0,0.5,I,and1.5) kgB.ha-1.The two experiments were conducted using factorial experiments system according to Randomized Complet Block Design with four replicates . The most important results can be summarized as below ; -- The fertilize level 90 Kg.P.ha Significant superior in all growth and Yield characters plant height 71.31 and 65.34 cm , number of tillers 9.84and 9.47 tiller. Plant-1 , leaf area 170.37and164.20 cm2 . Plant-1, number of pads per plant 12.67and 11.82 pad. Plant-1,number of seeds per pad 21.63 an 20.79 seed. Pad-1 ,100 – seed weight 1.73and 1.64 gm and seed Yield per area unit.(2377.1 and 1957.2kg.ha-1) for both seasons , respectively. --The foliar application of Iron (180mgfe.L-1)achieved significant superiority in most characters of growth and Yield plant height 61.79 and 55.54 cm , number of tillers 7.85 and 7.25 tiller. Plant-1 , leaf area 159.09 and 152.43 cm2 . Plant-1, number of pads per plant 10.88and 10.09pad. Plant-1,number of seeds per pad 18.69 and 17.96 seed. Pad-1 , 100 – seed weight 1.67and 1.55 gm and seed Yield per area unit .(2060.4 and 1665.6 kg. ha-1)for both seasons , respectively. --Treatment of interaction (90 Kg P. ha-1 + 180 Mg Fe . L-1 )recorded significant superiority on other levels of interaction in most growth and Yield characters and gave higher Yield 2490.4 and 1983.9 kg.ha-1 in both seasons, respectively . --Application of –Potassium fertilizer 150 kg K .ha-1 significantly effect in all growth character and Yield plant height 61.31 and 61.24 cm , number of tillers 9.13and 8.84 tiller. Plant-1 , leaf area 155.54 and 148.70 cm2 . Plant-1, number of pads per plant 9.35 and 9.21 pad. Plant-1,number of seeds per pad 16.20 and 14.53 seed. Pad-1 , 100 – seed weight 1.73and 1.71 gm and seed Yield per area unit .(1693.3 and 1562.9 kg. ha-1)for both seasons , respectively. --The concentration of Boron (1.5Kg B.ha-1)recorded significant Superiority on other characters in giving the superior results for the most growth and Yield characters number of tillers 7.26 and 7.10 tiller. Plant-1 , leaf area 145.33 and 140.94 cm2 . Plant-1, number of pads per plant 8.40 and 8.16 pad. Plant-1,number of seeds per pad 14.62 and 13.74 seed. Pad-1 , 100 – seed weight 1.69 and 1.63 gm and seed Yield per area unit .(1605.2 and 1495.2 kg. ha-1)for both seasons , respectively. --Treatment of interaction (150 Kg k . ha-1 + 1.5 Kg B.ha-1) showed that significant superiority in most growth and Yield characters and gave higher seed Yield per area unit ( 1843.0 and 1642.4 kg. ha-1) for both seasons, respectively . --The results of fat and musilages by using technique HPLC showed that interaction treatment (90 Kg P.ha-1 + 180 mg Fe.L-1) was superior in first season and (90 Kg P.ha-1 + 120mg Fe.L-1)was superior in second season . in giving higher amount of alkaloids in seeds of alkaloids (686.76 and 596.91 mg.L-1) ,respectively and higher amount of esteroyed saponinins in both seasons . (1085.41 and 1030.96 mg.L-1) respectively–Whereas the same technique showed that combination (150 Kg k.ha-1 + 1.5 Kg B.ha-1) was higher amount of alkaloids in seed (942.49 and 938.38 Mg.L-1) in both seasons , respectively ,and the same combination was superior in giving higher amount of esteroyed saponinins in both season (1601.45 and 1337.17 mg.L-1) , respectively .