Response of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L .) to Foliar Application with amino acids in growth, yield, and its quality

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted during the two winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 at the agricultural experimental farm of collage of agriculture – University Of Anbar to study the effect of applying amino acids (Tryptophane, Arginine and Tyrosine) with different concentrations (0, 100, and 200 ml L-1 each) on the yield and yield components of three wheat cultivars (Alrashed, Tamoz2 and Abu Ghraib3). The three study factors were applied according to split - split plot design using RCBD in three replicates. Obtained results were summarized as below: 1- Alrashed cultivar was superior in both seasons for most studied traits like plant height, flag-leaf area (38.73 & 43.93 cm2), spike length (14.11 & 15.48 cm), number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight, grain yield (6.32 and 7.09 ton ha-1) and the harvest index, protein percent, the percentage of wet gluten, the concentration of amino acids and the percentage of carbohydrates (70.42% & 68.62%) for both seasons respectively. While Abu Ghraib3 was superior in number of tillers, spikes number (507.0 & 523.9 spike per m-2) for the two seasons. Best biological yield was given by Tamoz2 cultivar. 2-For both seasons, applying amino acids with concentration of 200 mg L-1 improved plant growth where plants early reached 100% flowering , means of most studied traits were significantly increased as well, like plant height and flag-leaf area (35.27 & 38.43 cm2), number of tillers, number of spikes per square meter and spike length (11.62 & 12.79 cm), as well as number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain yield (6.27 & 7.16 ton ha-1), percentage of protein (13.86 and 14.49) and the percentage of amino acids and carbohydrates.