Synthesis and Characterization of Platinum Nanoparticles using Iraqi Dates Extract and Study of its Medical Applications

Abstract

Green nanotechnology is a technology that has revolutionized the field of manufacturing nanomaterials with distinctive characteristics, sizes and shapes whose efficiency is parallel or better than the materials prepared by traditional methods and because of the importance of nanomaterials in many fields, including the medical field. This method has been used to produce compounds that have safe therapeutic properties and have few side effects, in addition to high effectiveness. The production of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) that have antibacterial activity is an additional approach to combating infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Platinum nanoparticles were prepared using green method using (Phoenix dactylifera L., var. Zahidi) and (phoenix dactylifera L., var. Khastawi) dates extract. platinum salts were successfully reduced to their corresponding PtNPs in the presence of aqueous dates extract which considers a rich source of phytochemicals that led to the reduction of Pt+4 to Pt0 atoms by providing electrons for these ions. Green method is considered safe, rapid, and cost-effective in comparison to chemical and physical methods . Platinum nanoparticles used as bioactive cytotoxic nano-agents against Ovarian cancer and Oesophagel cancer . Also, the efficiency of PtNPs in inhibiting the growth of bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes . To as-certain the formation of PtNPs, the UV-Visible spectra showed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) bands around 283 nm for PtNPs. The infrared absorption spectrum showed various peaks ranging from (400 - 4000) cm -1 that used to identify the functional groups responsible for reducing and capping of PtNPs. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis showed that the PtNPs were spherical in shape. Atomic force microscope (AFM) screening shows the formation of nanoparticles with a diameter ranging from (30 - 40) nm . IX The images of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) display nanoparticles within the effective range of nanomaterials (1-100) nm. X-ray diffraction examination also showed the formation of platinum nanoparticles by spectrum comparative to the standard confirmed spectrum of platinum particles produced in the experiments were in the shape of nanocrystals. Cancer cells including the Ovarian cancer SKO-3 cell line and Oesophageal cancer SK-GT-4 cell line were exposed to a series of prepared platinum nanoparticle concentrations (0.00125, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.01) M, and the inhibition rate of growth in cells was measured for 72 hours. The cytotoxicity screening showed that there was a highly toxic effect on the cancer cells. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes were exposed to a series of concentrations from prepared platinum nanoparticles (0.00125, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.01) M. The results exhibited significant inhibitory activity and the rate of bacterial growth inhibition increased with increasing concentration. It can conclude from this study that the preparation of PtNPs gives good and encouraging preliminary results for future work as an anti-cancer and anti-microbial agent.