Synthesis and Study of New Mixed Complexes of Dye Derivatives for Comparison with Laser Dyes Using Highly-Pure Nanoparticles

Abstract

In this work, coordination complexes were synthesized by adding divalent ions like Zn2+, Ba2+ and Ca2+, or trivalent ions like Al3+ to ligands such as 8-hydroxyquinoline 8-HQ ligand (L1) with different molar ratios (2:1 and 3:1) (L:M) or a mixture of 8-HQ and 1,10-phenathroline (L2) with molar ratio of (1:1) (L:M). The spectroscopic characteristics of the synthesized complexes were introduced by recording the absorption, photoluminescence and fluorescence spectra in the ultraviolet (UV-visible.) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) regions of electromagnetic spectrum. The structural and thermal characteristics of these complexes were also introduced using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mass spectrometry (MS), gas chromatography (GC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Also, the melting points, electrical conductivities, solubility of these complexes were measured in different solvents with different properties, such as dipole moment, refractive index and polarity. The spectroscopic measurements showed that the absorption peak for the [Al(L1)3] complex λmax at 384nm whiles the fluorescence peak λmax at 522nm. The absorption and fluorescence peaks for [Ba(L1)2] complex are λmax at 362 and 538nm. These peaks for the [Zn(L1)2] complex appeared at 384 and 580nm. Spectroscopic measurements also showed that the absorption and fluorescence peaks for the complexes mixed with the 1,10-phen ligand appeared at 386 and 506nm for [Al(L1)3] complex, at 380 and 540nm for [Ba(L1)2] complex, at 384 and 520nm for [Zn(L1)2] complex with ammonia. The structural measurements confirmed the formation of nanostructures of barium ions within the structure of [Ba(L1)2] complex with a minimum particle size of 49.4nm while the minimum particle size in [Zn(L1)2] complex was 8.7nm. This result can motivate to use these nanostructures to enhance the characteristics of these complexes for many and new applications. According to the measurements associated to the temperature, it was found that the synthesized complexes have a reliable thermal stability as they showed melting temperatures higher than that of the 8-HQ ligand due to the linkage to metallic ions. The complexes were found to decompose at relatively high temperatures (>500°C). This makes these complexes suitable for applications in which the temperature has negative effect on the characteristics of dye complexes, such as laser dyes. The results showed that the synthesized complexes are soluble in different solvents and the DMF is the most preferred for use as the spectroscopic characteristics of complexes dissolved in it were found better than those dissolved in other solvents such as DMSO and chloroform. The spectroscopic characteristics of the synthesized complexes were measured before and after adding different concentrations of highly-pure titanium dioxide nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were locally prepared using dc reactive magnetron sputtering system and their structural and spectroscopic characteristics were determined to introduce their structural purity (99.99%) and average nanoparticle size (20nm). The effect of adding these nanoparticles on the spectroscopic characteristics of the synthesized complexes was studied as they were used as scattering centers for the light transmitted through these complexes to form gain media producing random laser