EFFECT OF PLANTING DATE AND SPRAING OF POTASSIUM AND CALCIUM ON GROWTH, YIELD AND PEANUT QUALITY

Abstract

Two field experiment were carried out at AL-Mohamadi city, Al-Anbar in the right bank of Euphrates River during 2012 and 2013 summer seasons to study the effect of planting dates, calcium and potassium spraying on growth, yield and quality of peanut (Local cv.). Factorial experiment at RCBD design with three replications and two factors for both experiments were used. First experiment had 6 planting dates (1st April, 15th April, 1st May, 15th May, 1st June and 15 th June) and four levels of potassium (0, 4000, 5000 and 6000) mg K L-1 . Second exp. Had the same planting dates with 4 levels of calcium (0, 200, 400 and 600) mg Ca L-1. Results of the first Exp. showed that: - The planting in 15th April was superior in pod yield (7.192 and 7.494) ton ha-1 and seed yield (3.991 and 4.407) ton ha-1 for both seasons respectively. - The concentration 6000 mg K L-1 gave the highest seed yield (3.523 and 3.707) ton ha-1, mature seed (78.55 and 79.55)% and protein (24.14 and 24.30)% for both seasons respectively. - The best combinations of planting dates and K concentration were 15th May X 5000 mg K L-1 and 15th May X 6000 mg K L-1 gave the highest Oleic acid (53.33% and 54.67%) for both seasons respectively. - The plants in the second planting date (15th April) reach maturity and the harvested a 8.7562 and 8.7562 heat units and 33238 and 351.8 thermal photo units for both seasons respectively. Results of the second Exp. showed that: - Planting Peanut in 1st May was superior in pod yield it gave about 67.34% more pod yield than planting in 15thJune at first season. While planting in 15th April was superior in pod yield that gave about 67.16% more than the planting in 15th June at second season. - Highest oil percentage (48.33% and 48.32%) was produced from planting in 1st and 15th April at first season and 49.42% was produced from planting in 15th April at second season. While the highest protein percentage was produced in 1st June (about 25.25 and 27.45)% for both seasons respectively. - The highest concentrations of calcium (400 and 600) mg Ca L-1 were superior in pod yield that gave 6.586, 6.552 and 6.872, 6.851ton ha-1 and gave protein percentage 23.27, 23.42% and 23.42, 23.16% for both seasons respectively. B - The combination of 15th May X 400 mg Ca L-1 gave the highest Oleic acid (55.66%) at first season and 15th May X 600 mg Ca L-1 at the second season gave the highest Oleic acid (54.00%). - The plants in the second planting date (15th April) reach maturity and the harvested at 8.5.67 and 8.3162 heat units and 32175 and 35357 thermal photo units for both seasons respectively