Nano study of interaction between Kaolinite and Bentonite Iraqi clays with some organic compounds

Abstract

A study of the interactions between two Iraqi clays (Kaolin and Bentonite) and some organic compounds, such as (Urea, Thiourea, Acetamide, Thioacetamide, DMSO, DMF,Glycine and Methionine) aims to prepare organo-clays. Through spectral studies (Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) since we have worked with two different particle sizes of clays ( 53 and 106 µm), and with different proportions of weights. The results of FTIR of the prepared organoclays were indicated. The appearance of new bands was not found in the spectra of raw clays and organic compounds, and shifting occurred in some bands, and, which refers to the formation of the bonds ( hydrogen bonds and Vander Walls forces). The results of XRD of prepared organoclays revealed the appearance of new bands due to the organic compounds. This shows clear interactions between the clays and organic compounds. Because of the many properties that characterize the Iraqi clays which are of high flexibility, so it was a study of the adsorption of methylen blue dye on the surface of raw clays and prepared organoclays at different concentrations ( 100, 125, 150 and 175 ppm) and in different temperatures (10, 20, 40 and 50 0C). The results of adsorption were very excellent, and fully removed the methylene blue dye on the surface of most prepared organoclays. The isotherm of the Methylene blue adsorption by bentonite, kaolin and organoclays was represented by applying the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. It was found that the adsorption process on the bentonite, kaolin and organoclays fits very well with the isotherm models Freundlich. Thermodynamic parameters including changes in standard free energy (ΔGo ), standard entropy (ΔSo ), and standard enthalpy (ΔHo ) for these adsorption processes were determined and revealed that methylene blue adsorption IV processes are spontaneous and feasible and this is consistent with the fact that the interaction is exothermic. It was found that the adsorption on the surfaces organoclay was prepared from bentonite and the best of adsorption on the surfaces of organoclays was prepared from kaolin clay. Some medical applications were conducted when preparing organoclays to test the dsorption of some blood components such as (GOT, GPT, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, GluC, Tp, UHDL, Alb) on the surfaces of raw clays and prepared organoclays and note the difference in adsorption . The results showed a significant reduction in the value of measured blood components when adsorption on the surface of prepared organoclays compared to adsorption on the surface of raw clays. The organoclays have been prepared to nano scales by using Ultrasonic waves followed by TEM test to know the particle size of organoclays. The results showed formation of clearly nanotubes with diameters ranged between (8.16 – 69.39 nm) which were new in the field of organoclays. No previous research has prepared organoclays in the form of nanotubes and these diagonals.