Effect of Planting Date and Applying of Humic Acid on the Growth and Yield of Maize Grown Under Al-Anbar Governorate Conditions

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out for the spring and autumn seasons 2020 in Rawa district of Al- Anbar Governorate at longitude: E ° 41.91902 and width: N ° 34.48201 and at a height of 160m above sea level in order to study the effect of two important factors on the yield and its components of Maize, class (5018). The first factor occupied the date of applying Humic acid which was represented by four dates without addition, in the stage of the fourth leaf, in the stage of the eighth leaf, and in the stage of the twelfth leaf, which was symbolized by the symbol (S0, S1, S2 and S3) sequentially, and the second planting dates (1/3, 15/3, 1/4 ) for the spring season and (1/7, 15/7, 1/8) for the fall season, which are denoted by the symbol (D1, D2, D3) sequentially, I used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split-plot arrangement with three replications and the most important results of this study were as follows: 1The date of applying Humic Acid S3 in the two seasons exceeded in each of the following characteristics: (the leaf content of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, in the weight of 500 grains, the percentage of protein and the percentage of oil in the grains) as it gave 1.252%, 1.277%, 0.462%, 0.499%, 1.823 %, 1.862%, 119.10gm, 162.64gm, 8.688%, 8.889%, 4.692%, 04.68% for the spring and autumn seasons respectively, and the same treatment in the spring season was superior in the following characteristics (plant height, leaf area, ear height and grain yield) and gave 200.28 cm, 590.1 cm2, 117.39 cm, 8.74 Mg H-1. Whereas, treatment S1 excelled in both seasons in (ear length and the number of grains in the row) as it gave 16.62 cm, 18.44 cm, 36.22 grains row-1, 35.23 grains row-1 in the spring and autumn seasons respectively, and the same treatment excelled in the season Spring in the( harvest index) and gave 23.81% and in the fall season in leaf area and gave 836.1 cm2. The treatment S2 in the autumn season also excelled in (the least number of days from emergence of up to 50% tasseling and silking , plant height, number of leaves per plant, ear height , number of ears per plant, number of rows in the ear, total grain yield, biological yield and harvest index). ) and gave 45.78 days, 52.00 days, 232.66 cm, 15,344 mcg hag-1, 136.20 cm, 1.18 cob -1, 16.01 cob -1, 11.98 mcg H-1, 49.53 mcg H-1, 24.2%, respectively. 2 - The D2 date exceeded in the spring season in (number of leaves, ear height, leaf content of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, grain yield, biological yield and protein percentage in grains) as it gave 13.775 leaf plant-1, 118.26 cm, 1.121%, 0.360%, 1.735%, 8.57 mcg H-1, 40.54 mcg H-1, 8.099% respectively, and the D3 date exceeded in the two seasons in (the least number of days of emergence up to 50% tasseling and silking and the percentage of oil in the grain) as it gave 66.67 days, 44.50 days, 74.42 days, 49.58 days, 24.80%, 4.343% for the spring and autumn seasons, respectively, and the same date exceeded in the spring season in (harvest index) as it gave 4.417%, and excelled in the autumn season in (plant height, ear height, potassium content of leaves and number of Ears in the plant, ear length, weight of 500 grains, grain yield and biological yield) which gave 238.90 cm, 141.59 cm, 1.762%, 1.14 plant ear -1, 18.43 cm, 173.85 g, 10.98 mcg H-1, 48.08 mcg H- 1 sequentially. 3- . The D2 and S3 interaction treatment excelled in the two seasons in (leaving content of nitrogen and potassium and the percentage of protein and oil in the grains) as it gave 1.26%, 1.29%, 1.85%, 1.90%, 8.83%, 9.02%, 4.83%, 4.81% for the spring and autumn seasons, respectively. The same treatment in the spring season also excelled in (plant height, phosphorous content of leaves, weight of 500 grains, grain yield and biological yield) as it gave 203.33 cm, 0.49%, 128.03 g, 9.47 mcg ha-1, 43.97 mcg ha-1, respectively. . In the autumn season, the interaction treatment D3 and S3 excelled in (leaf content of phosphorous, ear length and weight of 500 grains) as it gave 0.52%, 19.00 cm, 182.50 gm, respectively, and the interaction treatment D3 and S2 was superior in (grain yield, harvest index) 13.43 mcg H-1 and 27.17%, respectively.