استجابة نمو وحاصل ثلاثة اصناف من الذرة البيضاء والأدغال الم ا رفقة تحت ظروف التعشيب اليدوي

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in the 2021 autumn season in the Al-Hamidiyah agro station belonging to the college of agriculture / Ramadi - Anbar Governorate District which is located at longitude 40º east and latitude 33º north, to study the growth and yield of three cultivars of sorghum and the accompanying weed under the hand weeding conditions. The experiment was three hand weeding (one time, two times and three times) and the treatment used three cultivars of sorghum (Lilo, Enkathe, and Rabeh). The Factorial experiment was done as a split-plot experiment arranged by (RCBD) were hand weeding treatments as the main plot while the cultivars were in sub plot. The results were as follows: 1- The effect of weed traits was significant to hand weeding and cultivar treatments, and the interaction between them in most of the studied traits (number of weeds, control percentage, weed dry weight, and wee inhibition percentage in dry weight). 2- The growth and yield of sorghum crops were significantly affected when hand weeding treatments were increased. As the hand weeding treatments, three times hand weeding gave the highest plant height (194.87 cm), chlorophyll content of leaves (62.70 spad units), 500-grain weight (19.22 g), grain yield 8.85-ton hectare-1 and biological yield 25.22ton hectare -1 According to characteristics of the number of days from planting to 75% flowering, leaf area, leaf area index, a number of grains per head, and harvest index, they did not reach to significance. 3- The results indicated that sorghum cultivars differed significantly in some growth characteristics such as plant height and leaf area, as the variety recorded the highest average the traits of the plant height and leaf area which amounted to 189.09 cm and 5900 cm 2 plant-1, while the other traits did not reach the significant level, while Enkathe cultivar recorded the highest amount to the of protein percentage and protein yield which was 8.486% and 650 kg hectare-1. 4- The interaction between the hand weeding and sorghum cultivars achieved a significant achievement in decreeing weed density and growth of the yield, as well as, the protein percentage and the total yield of protein when the treatment of hand weeding at three times of Enkathe cultivar recorded the highest highest mean plant height was 206.56 cm, and the highest inhibition percentage was 87.82%.