تأثير الزراعة المتداخلة والاصناف في نمو وانتاج الذرة الصفزاء والماش

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in (Jweiba village) in the spring and autumn seasons 2017 to study the effect of intercropping and varieties on maize crop and mungbean seed yield and its components and the quality of the grains. The layout of experiment was split plot design with three replicates ,the four cultivars of maize (5012, 5018, buhooth 106 and French) occupies the main plots while intercropping patterns (maize alone , 1:1 , 1:2, 2:1) occupied the sub-plots. Results are summarized as follows: The varieties differed in most characters of growth and yield in the spring and autumn seasons compared to the cultivation of maize alone, the French cultivar was superior significantly in the height of the ear in the spring and autumn seasons which was (149.82 and 155.00 cm), superior significantly in the number of grains per row in the autumn season which gave (34.11 grains.row-1) and superior significantly in the grain yield per plante and biological yield in the spring season which was 08.931 g.plant -1 and 25.56 ton.h-1 , also it was superior significantly in the harvest index season in the spring season, 32.98%. Superior significantly buhooth 011 cultivar In the number of ears in the plant in the spring season, which gave (1.51ear.plant- 1) and superior significantly in the harvest index in the autumn season 28.74%. While the cultivar of 5018 was superior in the number of rows per ear, grain yield and biological yield (17.63 row.ear-1, 038981 g.plant -1and 43.93 ton.h-1 ) respectively in the autumn season. And the percentage of seeds oil with (5.05%) In the spring seasons, while the cultivar of 5012 was significantly in the number of ears per plant, which gave (1.61ear.plant-1) in the autumn season and in the number of grains in the row( 26.72 grain.row-1 ) in the spring season and the percentage of ash in the spring and autumn seasons( 2.15 and 2.03%) respectively. the planting pattern 1 maize: 2 mungbean in most of the growth and yield characteristics of maize crop, which resulted in the highest rate of grain yield per plante in the autumn b season and the highest biological yield of spring season (08.931 g.plant -1 and 25.21 ton.h-1 ) respectively. While the yield of mungbean, the characteristics of growth and yield varied according to the varieties of maize cultivated with it, the mungbean crop with maize cultivar French was superiority significantly in leaf area (4921cm2) in the spring season ,the number of grain in pod ( 10.06 and 11.67 grain.pod-1) in spring and autumn season and the grains yield and harvest index of the mungbean crop was the cultivation of this crop with the French maize cultivar, which gave (22.50 g.plant-1 and, 27.17%) in the spring season respectively. While the mungbean crop with maize cultivar buhooth 011was superiority significantly in leaf area(6994 cm2) in autumn season. In the spring season, the yield for on plant of the mungbean was when cultured with maize cultivar 5012, which gave 55921 g.plant-1 , for the intercropping patterns, the pattern of agriculture 1 maize: 2 mungbean was superior in all the characters of growth and yield of the mungbean crop. The superiority significantly of the characters was clear in this pattern, in number of grain in pod (9.93,10.93) in spring and autumn season and number of pod (17.62) in autumn season which exceeded the yield per plant the grains(17.52g.plant-1 ) in spring season and in the biological yield in the autumn season which gave (5951 kg.h-1) respectively. the mungbean crop with maize cultivar French was superiority significantly in the percentage of protin in the spring and autumn seasons (23.75 % and 21.58%).for the intercropping pattern. the pattern of agriculture 2 maize: 1 mungbean was superior in in the percentage of protin in the spring and autumn seasons (23.31% and 21.74 %). Interaction treatments between cultivars and intercropping patterns differed in most studied characters and for both spring and autumn seasons.