Effect of Foliar Application with Copper and Molybdenum in Physiological, Productive and Quality Traits of Two Mung Bean Genotypes Vigna rdiata L.

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in the autumn season for the years 2017 and 2018 in Anbar province - the alsharqiya Husaybah region located on the longitude 43o and latitude 33o in soil clay to determine the effect of foliar feeding in three concentrations of copper element (0, 8 and 16 mg Cu L-1) and molybdenum (0, 30 and 60 mg Mo L-1).In physiological, productive and qualitative traits of two genotypes of Mungbean (Indian and local).Use the split-split plot arrangement to design R.C.B.D. In carrying out the experiment with four replicates, The genotypes were placed in the main plots and molybdenum concentrations in the sub plots while the concentrations of the copper element sub-sub plots. The result of the experiment are as follows. 1-Leaf feeding with copper significantly affected most studied traits, as the concentration achieved 8 mg Cu L-1, it achieved the highest average plant height, number of branches per plant -1, leaf area, root length, dry plant weight, fertility ratio in the pods (83.03 and 84.05%) and the number of seeds per pod ( 9.18 and 10.09) as well as the biological yield in both seasons and protein yield in the second season (727.87 kg ha-1). As for the concentration of copper 16 mg Cu L-1, it achieved in the second season the highest effectiveness of the activity of the catalase enzyme (CAT) and the nitrifying reductase NR as well as the superoxide dioxide (SOD). This concentration also achieved in both seasons the highest percentage of chlorophyll in leaves and their content of vitamin C and number of pods per plant -1 (54.25 and 55.36 pods -1), length of pod and weight of 1000 seeds (50.98 and 51.33 g) and seed yield per unit area (2.70 and 3.00) and the harvest index (31.26 and 33.27%). Also, this concentration in the first season achieved the highest percentage of protein and protein yield averages (25.74% and 656.22 kg ha.-1), respectively. 2-Concentrations of leaf feeding with molybdenum significantly affected the studied characteristics, as the concentration achieved 30 mg Mo L -1 the highest mean in the length of the pod, the fertility ratio in the pods, the number of seeds in the pod (9.35 and 10.36), and the seed yield per unit area (3.09 and 3.42 tons ha.-1) and the biological yield (8.159 and 8.616 kg ha.-1), the percentage of carbohydrates, nitrogen and copper with seeds and protein (26.50 and 27.58%) and protein yield (749.02 and 875.42 kg ha.-1) and for the two seasons respectively, while the concentration of 60 mg Mo L -1 in season two is the highest efficacy of enzymes The catalase (CAT), NR nitrate, and superoxide dioxide (SOD).