1938 - 1919 مصطفى كمال اتاتورك ودوره في الحياة السياسية في تركيا

Abstract

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk is considered the most important Turkish figure after World War I (1914-1918). After Sultan Mehmed VI, who assumed the throne after the death of his brother Mehmed V in 1918, fell under the influence of the Allies, he issued orders to demobilize a large number of Turkish forces, and prevented his forces from Confronting the invading Greek forces , the personality of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, commander of the Third Army in Anatolia, emerged, who declared his disobedience against the Istanbul government and that he did not accept Turkey's defeat and was determined to resist foreign occupation. Indeed, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk led the wars of national independence against the Allied countries, which lasted until 1923 The study of the personality of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk and the study of his life are of great importance in knowing the truth about this man who sparked controversy about his truth and his motives in his leadership of the wars of independence, for his political and military role in modern Turkey. The Turks are against the allies, as well as his drift behind a secular trend that wants to remove the Turks from the Islamic surroundings and embrace the arms of the West, as he proved his high national spirit through his leadership of the national movement and the victories he achieved in his battles against the allies made him a national hero in the eyes of the Turks, thus counting Mustafa Kemal Ataturk With all its positives and negatives, it is a phenomenon that had clear imprints in the history of modern Turkey, as it granted the Turks independence, unity and dignity, while robbing them of a lot, especially with regard to its anti-Islam policy and the history of the Ottoman Empire after the proclamation of the Turkish Republic, as Mustafa Kemal implemented a series of measures and changes between the years 1923-1935, it aimed to separate Turkey from its past associated with the Ottoman Empire and its Islamic caliphate under the pretext of establishing a modern secular state.